Estudiantes y docentes protestan a lo largo de toda Argentina con encierros pacíficos, huelgas, asambleas y clases públicas para reclamar más fondos y mejores salarios. El Gobierno ultra redobla sus acusaciones sobre supuestos delincuentes en las casas de estudios.
Son dos profesores y dictan una clase de historia argentina a una veintena de alumnos. Ambos tienen carteles colgando del cuello: “docente bajo la línea de pobreza”, dice el de él; “docente hija de trabajadores”, dice el de ella. Los estudiantes se esfuerzan por escucharlos y seguir el hilo de sus explicaciones al sol del mediodía, mientras a unos pocos metros pasan autos y ómnibus, más cerca otros profesores enseñan otras materias. Son todas clases públicas, dictadas a la intemperie, sobre la calle que permanece cortada al tránsito, los pupitres desperdigados sobre el asfalto frente a la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA). Escenas parecidas se reprodujeron este lunes y este martes en decenas de sedes universitarias de la Argentina, donde estudiantes y docentes protagonizan protestas para exigirle al Gobierno de Javier Milei mayores recursos para la educación superior pública y mejores salarios para profesores y empleados. “No voy a ceder”, dijo este martes el presidente ultraderechista. Aunque aseguró que la universidad seguirá siendo “pública y no arancelada”, reiteró sus ataques contra los supuestos “delincuentes” de las casas de estudios.
En un país en el que la universidad pública es símbolo de prestigio y movilidad social, la comunidad académica ha emergido como uno de los principales focos de resistencia al ajuste y desguace del Estado que está aplicando Milei. Ya en abril una masiva protesta había logrado revertir parcialmente el recorte de los fondos y esta semana el conflicto resurgió después de que el presidente vetara la Ley de Financiamiento Universitario. Esa norma, que había sido aprobada con un amplio acuerdo de la oposición en el Congreso, garantizaba una actualización de recursos para el sector. En rechazo al veto presidencial, a lo largo de todo el país se desarrollan tomas pacíficas de edificios, huelgas, asambleas y clases públicas, entre otras medidas.
“Sin salarios dignos, la UBA no funciona”, reza una enorme pancarta que pende sobre la fachada neogótica de la Facultad de Ingeniería. Mientras hace seis meses los reclamos universitarios denunciaban la escasez presupuestaria para sostener los gastos de funcionamiento de las casas de estudios, ahora la exigencia central apunta a los sueldos. Según datos del Consejo Interuniversitario Nacional, el 70 por ciento de los salarios de los profesores corre debajo de la línea de pobreza. Los sindicatos de profesores convocan para este jueves a una huelga nacional y la semana que viene harán otra, de 48 horas. Antes, los gremios docentes, las federaciones estudiantiles y las autoridades académicas llaman a realizar este miércoles a una “marcha de velas” al Palacio Sarmiento, donde tiene sede la Secretaría de Educación.
“Estamos defendiendo a una universidad con excelencia académica que hoy se sostiene gracias al esfuerzo de nuestros profesores”, dice Alejandra Cornejo, alumna del primer año de Medicina e integrante del centro de estudiantes por Nuevo Espacio. En el hall de ingreso a esa facultad de la UBA, se desarrollan dos clases en simultáneo, con un pizarrón improvisado sobre un pedestal y los alumnos sentados sobre los escalones. “Votamos un plan de acción y medidas de visibilización del conflicto, pero sin cortar las clases, los estudiantes y los docentes queremos seguir cursando.”
En la Facultad de Derecho, el clima es similar. Un profesor enseña sobre las escalinatas del edificio y otros dan clases normalmente, en las aulas. “Queremos que se vuelva atrás con el veto a la Ley de Financiamiento Universitario, hacen falta sueldos dignos para nuestros docentes y no docentes. Eso no afecta al equilibrio fiscal”, afirma Noelia Díaz, de la agrupación socialista Nuevo Derecho. “Anoche hicimos una vigilia en defensa de la universidad y vamos a apoyar el paro de los docentes. Queremos seguir estudiando, dando exámenes y recibirnos”, agrega.
En Buenos Aires, las protestas estudiantiles y docentes incluyeron este martes cortes de calles frente a las facultades de Filosofía y Letras, Ciencias Sociales y Psicología. “Milei eligió a las universidades y a los estudiantes como enemigos. Cada día nos ataca con una nueva mentira”, dice Lucas Grimson, alumno de Ciencia Política y militante de la agrupación La Mella. Las protestas universitarias se registraron también en las universidades nacionales de La Plata, Rosario, Córdoba, Quilmes, La Matanza, Moreno, Mar del Plata, La Pampa, Salta, San Luis, Jujuy, Salta y Tucumán, entre otras.
En ese contexto, el Gobierno ultra optó por redoblar la confrontación. El presidente declaró este martes que no cederá en su defensa del superávit fiscal —una decisión que incluye la reducción de impuestos a los sectores sociales más acomodados, como el tributo a los bienes personales—. Y atacó a los manifestantes universitarios: “Todos estos que están haciendo las tomas, ¿están a favor que se utilicen las universidades políticamente para robar?”, dijo en una entrevista con el canal La Nación +. Su argumento es que las protestas buscan defender “los curros de los delincuentes” que estarían en las casas de estudios. Aunque planteó que “no está en discusión que la universidad sea pública y no arancelada”, insistió en que es financiada por “los que no van”. Pese a que los datos oficiales lo desmienten, el mandatario repite que “la universidad pública es un subsidio de los pobres hacia los ricos”.
Como parte de las acusaciones sobre supuestas malversaciones de recursos, el Gobierno buscó avanzar este jueves con mayores controles administrativos sobre las universidades. La Procuración del Tesoro dictaminó que la Sindicatura General de la Nación (SIGEN), un organismo dependiente del Ejecutivo, puede auditar a las universidades, una función delegada por ley en la Auditoria General de la Nación (AGN), dependiente del Congreso. Como la medida entra en tensión con la autonomía universitaria, es probable que su aplicación se dirima en la Justicia. De todos modos, Milei celebró: “Los vamos a poder auditar, los chorros están en peligro”.

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